Kimiyya | 2. Tasirin Computer
Asalin Computer
Ƙidaya na da alfanu masu tarin yawa ga al’ummah. Misali gwamnati za ta so ta san yawan talakawanta ta hanyar ƙidaya don tasan yadda za ta rarraba masu albarkatun ƙasa cikin sauƙi. Ɗan kasuwa zai so ya ƙididdige ribar da ya samu. Mutum zai buƙaci ƙididdige kwanakin sati, wata da shekaru don bayani da banbance lokacin da abubuwa suka faru ko zasu faru (don ƙididdigar lokaci).
Sai dai, tun fil-azal, ƙidaya abubuwa masu yawa kalubale ne ga mutane. Wannan ne yasa mutane amfani da duwatsu, yatsun hannu, jadawalin kirga,alamar lambobi da lissafi don sauƙaƙe ƙirga.
Lissafi wata dubarace ta sauƙaƙe ƙirga. Misali idan mun san a makaranta mai aji biyu akwai dalibai 10-10 a kowane aji zamu zai fi sauƙi mu lissafa yawan daliban ta hanyar hada adadinsu 10+10 = 20 da ace mun tara su wuri daya mun maimaita ƙirga su.
To saidai duk da cewa lissafi hanyce ta sauƙaƙe ƙirga shima ƙalubale ne ga mutane. Wannan ne yasa ake amfani da na’urori kamar su abacus, kakuleta da computer don sauƙaƙe lissafi.
Daga ƙarni na 17-19 anyi amfani kakuletoci masu motsi (mechanical calculators) kamar su arithmometer wajen sauƙaƙe lissafi.Saidai basu da sauri (iya saurinsu iya saurin mai sarrafasu) kuma suna saurin lalacewa.
A ƙarni na 19-20 Charles Babbage ya ƙirƙiro computer biyu masu aiki ta hanyar motsi (mechanical computer). Sune diffrence engine da analytical engine. Duk da cewa bai samu ya kammala ƙerasu ba. A wannan ƙarnin ne aka samu Ada Lovlace ta banbance tsakanin computer da kakuleta. Ita computer za a iya baya jerangiyar umarnin yin lissafi (programming) kuma ta ɗabbaƙa su daki-daki. Sannan computer zata iya yanke shawara idan wani abu ya faru.
A karni na 20 aka fara samun computer mai amfani da wutar lantarki sai dai computocin wuta na farko kamar colossus girman su ya kai girman ɗaki kuma suna fidda zafi mai yawa. Daga bisani aka samu cigaban kimiyya da ya bada damar samar da ƙananun computocin da muke amfani dasu a yau kamar laptop, wayar hannu da agogon zamani.
Mecece Computer
Computer wata naaura ce da take sarrafa ɗaiɗaikun bayanai (data) don samun tattacen/dunƙulallen bayani (information) ta hanyar lissafi. Zaman bayani data ko information ya danganta da buƙata.
Alfanun Computer
Computer na da alfanu masu dinbin yawa kamar a:
Kasuwanci
Tsaro
Noma
Gudanar da gwamnati
Koyo da yada ilimi
Kiwon lafiya
Masana’antu
Bincke
Kimiyya da fasaha
Sada zumunta
Sadarwa
d.s.s.
Amfanin Computer a Kasuwanci
Dr Abubakar imam magana jari ce | bayani jari ne : A wannan zamani bayani na daga cikin jarin yan kasuwa. Masana harkan kasuwanci sun gano cewa shawarar da aka yanke ta hanyar tattara baynai tafi wacce aka yanke ta hanyar zato nesa ba kusa ba. Bayani kan kasuwanci zai nuna ma mutum in da kasuwancin ya dosa. ba kwastomomi abunda suke so.
Damarmaki: bayani zai iya nuna ma mutum ababen da kostomomi suke so game da kayan sayarwa, zai iya bayyana wata damar habaka kasuwanci
Matsaloli: zai nuna ma mutum abunda kostomomi basu so don ba kowane lokaci bane kostoma zai gaya ma abunda baiso.
A kan ajiye bayanan kasuwanci a littafi toh sai dai bayanin da aka aje a computer yafi saukin sarrafawa nesa ba kusa ba.
Idan dankasuwa bai aje bayanan Kasuwanci shi ya kamata ya fara.
A Takaice
Muhimmancin da kalubalen kidaya
Hanyoyin saukake kidaya
Amfani da na’urori don sauƙaƙe lissafi
Kakuletoci da computoci masu motsi
Computoci masu aiki da lantarki
Computer na sarrafa bayanai ta hanyar lissafi
Alfanu da illolin computer
Madogara
Hotuna
No comments:
Post a Comment